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Specimen Format of Plaint — Complete Template Under CPC 2026

Complete specimen plaint format with all sections filled. Template for recovery suit, specific performance, declaration. Ready-to-use format.

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Last updated: October 2026Verified against: Government sources

Specimen Plaint -- Recovery of Money

IN THE COURT OF THE CIVIL JUDGE (SENIOR DIVISION),

CIVIL SUIT NO. _____ OF 20XX

, aged , S/o , residing at ..... PLAINTIFF

VERSUS

, aged , S/o , residing at ..... DEFENDANT

SUIT FOR RECOVERY OF RS. WITH INTEREST AND COSTS

VALUE FOR COURT FEE: Rs. | VALUE FOR JURISDICTION: Rs.

The Plaintiff most respectfully submits as under:

1. The Plaintiff is a residing at and is well-known in the community.

2. The Defendant is residing at and carries on business at .

3. The Defendant approached the Plaintiff on requesting a loan of Rs. for . The Plaintiff, out of goodwill, advanced Rs. to the Defendant on by . The Defendant executed a promissory note/loan agreement dated (Exhibit P-1) agreeing to repay the amount with interest at % per annum within months, i.e., by .

4. Despite the due date having passed, the Defendant has failed and neglected to repay the said amount or any part thereof.

5. The Plaintiff sent a legal notice dated (Exhibit P-2) demanding repayment within 15 days. The Defendant failed to respond/responded denying liability (Exhibit P-3).

6. The cause of action arose on when the Defendant failed to repay, and continues. The suit is within limitation (3 years from due date under Article 19/Article 36 Limitation Act).

7. This Court has jurisdiction as: (a) the Defendant resides within this Court's territorial limits (Section 20 CPC), (b) the suit value of Rs. is within this Court's pecuniary jurisdiction.

PRAYER: The Plaintiff prays that this Court may be pleased to: (a) pass a decree directing the Defendant to pay Rs. with interest at % per annum from till realization, (b) award costs of the suit to the Plaintiff, (c) grant any other relief as this Court may deem fit and proper in the interest of justice.

VERIFICATION: I, , verify that the contents of paragraphs 1-7 are true to my personal knowledge and nothing material has been concealed. Verified at on .

Filed through: , Enrollment No. | Date:

Documents Filed with Plaint

Order 7 Rule 14 requires filing all documents relied upon: (a) Exhibit P-1: Promissory Note/Loan Agreement, (b) Exhibit P-2: Legal Notice, (c) Exhibit P-3: Defendant's Reply (if any), (d) Exhibit P-4: Bank statement showing the transfer, (e) Exhibit P-5: Interest calculation statement.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal or professional advice. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy based on the latest laws and amendments, readers should consult a qualified professional before acting on any information provided. For expert assistance, contact us.

Quick recapKey facts & short answers

Key Facts About Specimen Format of Plaint

  • Applies in: All states across India, under the relevant central law.
  • Mode: Mostly online via the official government portal.
  • Typical timeline: Ranges from a few days to a few weeks depending on the case.
  • Non-compliance: May attract penalties, interest or late fees.
  • Expert help: TaxClue completes Specimen Format of Plaint end to end for you.

What court fee is payable on a money recovery plaint?

Court fee is AD VALOREM -- a percentage of the suit value. Rates vary by state: typically 1-7.5% of the claimed amount. Example (Maharashtra): Rs. 200 for suits up to Rs. 1,000; 7.5% for higher amounts. Example (Delhi): 1-4% depending on the value. The court fee is paid through COURT FEE STAMPS affixed to the plaint or through e-payment. Insufficient court fee: the court returns the plaint for correction (Order 7 Rule 11(c)). For suits with multiple reliefs: court fee is calculated on the HIGHEST valued relief.

What limitation applies for money recovery suits?

Under the Limitation Act, 1963: (1) Promissory note: 3 YEARS from the date the note falls due (Article 19), (2) Contract/agreement: 3 YEARS from the date the cause of action accrues (Article 55), (3) Open account: 3 YEARS from the date of the last item (Article 1). The limitation runs from the DATE OF DEFAULT -- not from the date of the agreement. Part payment or written acknowledgment: FRESH limitation of 3 years starts (Section 18-19 Limitation Act). Filing even one day late: the suit is time-barred and liable for dismissal.

A well-drafted notice often ends the dispute that a poor one would begin.

— TaxClue Legal Desk

Specimen Format of Plaint: a key compliance topic in Indian tax and corporate law that businesses and individuals must understand to remain compliant.

READY DRAFTPlaint — Complete Format Under the CPC

A model plaint under Order VII CPC instituting a civil suit — cause-title, jurisdiction, facts, cause of action, valuation, court-fee and prayer, followed by verification.

   IN THE COURT OF THE [Civil Judge (Sr. Divn.) / District Judge],
                        [City / District]

                Civil Suit No. ______ of 2026

[Name of Plaintiff], S/o [___], aged [__] years,
r/o [Full Address]                                  ... PLAINTIFF

                           VERSUS

[Name of Defendant], S/o [___], aged [__] years,
r/o [Full Address]                                  ... DEFENDANT

  SUIT FOR RECOVERY OF ₹[amount] WITH INTEREST AND COSTS
        (Alternatively: for Specific Performance /
         Permanent & Mandatory Injunction / Declaration)

The Plaintiff above-named most respectfully submits as under:

1.  PARTIES: The Plaintiff is [proprietor of M/s ___ / a private
    individual] carrying on business/residing at the above address.
    The Defendant is [description].

2.  FACTS: That on [DD/MM/YYYY] the Plaintiff and the Defendant
    entered into an Agreement / the Defendant [borrowed / purchased
    on credit / agreed to sell] as follows: [state the transaction
    concisely — dates, amounts, terms].

3.  That in performance of the said Agreement the Plaintiff [supplied
    goods / advanced ₹[amount] / paid earnest money of ₹[amount]] as
    per Invoice/Receipt No. [___] dated [DD/MM/YYYY].

4.  That the Defendant, in breach of the Agreement, has failed to
    [pay ₹[amount] / execute the sale deed / vacate], despite the
    Plaintiff having performed his part.

5.  LEGAL NOTICE: That the Plaintiff got served a legal notice dated
    [DD/MM/YYYY] calling upon the Defendant to [pay/perform], which
    the Defendant received but did not comply with.

6.  CAUSE OF ACTION: That the cause of action first arose on
    [DD/MM/YYYY] when [the Agreement was made], again on [DD/MM/YYYY]
    when [the default occurred], and lastly on [DD/MM/YYYY] when the
    Defendant refused/failed to comply with the legal notice, all
    within the jurisdiction of this Hon'ble Court.

7.  JURISDICTION: That the [transaction took place / property is
    situated / Defendant resides] at [place], which falls within the
    territorial jurisdiction of this Hon'ble Court, which is also
    competent pecuniarily to try this suit.

8.  LIMITATION: That the suit is within the period of limitation
    prescribed under the Limitation Act, 1963 (Article [__]).

9.  VALUATION & COURT FEE: That for the purposes of court fee and
    jurisdiction the suit is valued at ₹[amount], and the requisite
    court fee of ₹[amount] is paid herewith.

                          PRAYER

It is, therefore, most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court
may be pleased to:

 (a) pass a decree for recovery of ₹[amount] against the Defendant
     in favour of the Plaintiff;
 (b) award interest at [__]% per annum from [date] till realisation,
     pendente lite and future;
 (c) award costs of the suit; and
 (d) grant such other and further relief as the Court deems fit in
     the circumstances of the case.

                                          [Name of Plaintiff]
Place: [City]                             Through Counsel
Date : [DD/MM/2026]                       [Name of Advocate], Advocate

                       VERIFICATION

I, [Name of Plaintiff], the above-named Plaintiff, do hereby verify
that the contents of paragraphs 1 to 8 are true to my personal
knowledge and those of paragraph 9 are based on legal advice believed
to be true, and that nothing material has been concealed therefrom.

Verified at [City] on this [__] day of [Month], 2026.

                                          ____________________
                                              PLAINTIFF
▸ How to use & important notes
  • A plaint must contain the particulars required by Order VII Rules 1–2 CPC — parties, facts, cause of action, jurisdiction, valuation and relief — and be verified per Order VI Rule 15 CPC, now with a Statement of Truth in commercial suits.
  • Pay ad valorem court fee under the Court-Fees Act / State amendment on the amount/value claimed; short-paid court fee can lead to rejection under Order VII Rule 11 CPC.
  • Plead the cause of action, jurisdiction and limitation expressly and file the documents relied upon with a list under Order VII Rule 14 CPC; a suit filed beyond limitation is liable to be dismissed.
  • File sufficient copies for the court and each defendant, along with process fee for issuing summons.

Disclaimer: This is a general-purpose template for reference only. Facts, figures, stamp duty and clauses vary with your situation and state law — have it reviewed before use. Need this professionally drafted, stamped and filed? Talk to a TaxClue expert.

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Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional tax, legal or financial advice. Laws, rates and due dates change and can vary by individual case — always verify with the relevant government source (e.g. mca.gov.in, incometax.gov.in) or consult a qualified professional before acting. TaxClue accepts no liability for decisions taken based on this content.

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Questions, answered

Short, direct answers to the 5 questions readers ask most on this topic.

Court fee is AD VALOREM -- a percentage of the suit value. Rates vary by state: typically 1-7.5% of the claimed amount. Example (Maharashtra): Rs. 200 for suits up to Rs. 1,000; 7.5% for higher amounts. Example (Delhi): 1-4% depending on the value. The court fee is paid through COURT FEE STAMPS affixed to the plaint or through e-payment. Insufficient court fee: the court returns the plaint for correction (Order 7 Rule 11(c)). For suits with multiple reliefs: court fee is calculated on the HIGHEST valued relief.

Under the Limitation Act, 1963: (1) Promissory note: 3 YEARS from the date the note falls due (Article 19), (2) Contract/agreement: 3 YEARS from the date the cause of action accrues (Article 55), (3) Open account: 3 YEARS from the date of the last item (Article 1). The limitation runs from the DATE OF DEFAULT -- not from the date of the agreement. Part payment or written acknowledgment: FRESH limitation of 3 years starts (Section 18-19 Limitation Act). Filing even one day late: the suit is time-barred and liable for dismissal.

Under Order 7 Rule 14: the plaintiff must file ALL documents on which they RELY at the time of filing the plaint. For a money recovery suit: (1) loan agreement/promissory note, (2) bank statements proving transfer, (3) legal notice and reply, (4) interest calculation, (5) any correspondence/emails. Documents NOT filed with the plaint: can be filed LATER only with the court's permission (Order 7 Rule 14(3)) -- which may be denied if the omission was deliberate. Best practice: file ALL relevant documents with the plaint -- not selectively.

The suit value determines: (1) which COURT has jurisdiction (District Court, Civil Judge Senior/Junior Division), (2) the COURT FEE payable. For money recovery: the suit value = the PRINCIPAL amount claimed + INTEREST accrued up to the filing date (some courts: only principal for jurisdiction; principal + interest for court fee). For specific performance: the suit value = the market value of the property (or the agreed consideration -- whichever the court directs). Always check the state-specific Suits Valuation Act for the exact methodology.

YES -- under Order 6 Rule 17: the court may allow amendment at any stage if: (1) the amendment is NECESSARY for determining the real questions in controversy, (2) it does NOT change the NATURE of the suit, (3) it can be made WITHOUT INJUSTICE to the other party. Common amendments: (a) adding new facts discovered after filing, (b) correcting errors in names/dates/amounts, (c) adding a new relief, (d) adding/removing parties. The court may impose COSTS as a condition for allowing amendment. Late amendments (close to trial) are scrutinized more strictly.