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Arbitration — Guides, Updates & Practical Insights

Understand Arbitration with practical, easy-to-follow guidance — from the basics through registration, returns, compliance and notices.

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ARBITRATION · COMPLETE GUIDE

First Schedule to the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: the New York Convention on foreign arbitral awards

The Schedule is headed "(See section 44)". Article I sets the scope; Article II requires recognition of an agreement in writing and a reference to arbitration; Article III requires awards to be recognised as binding; Article IV lists the documents to supply; Article V lists the only grounds on...

Updated 02 Oct 202610 min read✓ Reviewed
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Arbitration

Section 37 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: appealable orders

An appeal lies only from the orders the section lists. From a court: an order refusing to refer the parties to arbitration under section 8, an order granting or refusing a measure under section 9, and an order setting aside or refusing to set aside an award under section 34. From the tribunal: an...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Sections 38–39 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: deposits and lien on the arbitral award for costs

Under section 38, the tribunal may fix a deposit (and a supplementary deposit) as an advance for costs, payable in equal shares. If one side does not pay, the other may pay that share; if neither does, the tribunal may suspend or terminate the proceedings in respect of that claim or counter-claim...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Sections 40–41 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: arbitration agreement on the death of a party and insolvency

Under section 40, an arbitration agreement is not discharged by the death of any party, as regards the deceased or any other party, and can be enforced by or against the legal representative. The mandate of an arbitrator is not ended by the death of the party who appointed him. Under section 41, an...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Section 42 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: jurisdiction of the Court over later applications

Section 42 begins with "notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Part or in any other law for the time being in force". Where any application under this Part has been made in a Court with respect to an arbitration agreement, that Court alone has jurisdiction over the arbitral...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Sections 42A–42B of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: confidentiality of information and protection of action in good faith

Under section 42A, the arbitrator, the arbitral institution and the parties shall maintain confidentiality of all arbitral proceedings, except the award where its disclosure is necessary for implementation and enforcement of the award. Under section 42B, no suit or other legal proceedings lie...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Section 43 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: the Limitation Act applies to arbitrations

Under section 43(1), the Limitation Act, 1963 applies to arbitrations as it applies to proceedings in court. Under sub-section (2), an arbitration is deemed to have commenced on the date referred to in section 21. Under sub-section (3), the Court may extend a time fixed by the agreement for taking...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Sections 43A–43B of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: Arbitration Council of India, definitions and establishment

Part IA is shown as inserted by Act 33 of 2019, section 10, with effect from 12-10-2023. Section 43A defines "Chairperson", "Council" and "Member". Section 43B says the Central Government shall establish, by notification in the Official Gazette, a Council to be known as the Arbitration Council of...

6 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Section 43C of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: composition of the Arbitration Council of India

The Council consists of seven classes of Members in section 43C(1)(a) to (g). Members other than ex officio Members hold office for three years from the date they enter upon office, and no Chairperson or Member (other than ex officio) holds office after attaining seventy years (Chairperson) or...

7 min read02 Oct 2026
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Arbitration

Section 43D of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: duties and functions of the Arbitration Council of India

Under sub-section (1), the Council has a duty to take all measures needed to promote and encourage arbitration, mediation, conciliation or other alternative dispute resolution mechanism, and to frame policy and guidelines for uniform professional standards in all matters relating to arbitration...

7 min read02 Oct 2026

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