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Professional Ethics — Guides, Updates & Practical Insights

ICAI Code of Ethics 2026 - independence, confidentiality, professional misconduct and the Schedules to the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949.

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The complete Professional Ethics guide

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PROFESSIONAL ETHICS · COMPLETE GUIDE

Non-Assurance Services Under Section 5600 — the Self-Review Prohibition

Section 5600 requires a firm to determine, before providing non-assurance services to a sustainability assurance client, whether they might create a self-review threat — and paragraph R5600.17 prohibits non-assurance services outright where the client is a public interest entity, because paragraph 5600.16 A2 states that such a threat cannot be eliminated and no safeguard can reduce it.

Updated 01 Oct 20268 min read✓ Reviewed
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Professional Ethics

Section 21 of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: the Disciplinary Directorate and how complaints and information are examined, with the 2022 procedure not yet in force

In force today (the 2006 text): the Council establishes, by notification, a Disciplinary Directorate headed by the Director (Discipline). On a complaint with the prescribed fee, the Director forms a prima facie opinion. First Schedule matters go to the Board of Discipline; Second Schedule or both...

7 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Section 21A of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: the Board of Discipline and the penalties it may impose

In force: the Council constitutes a Board of Discipline of three (a legally experienced Presiding Officer, two members, with the Director (Discipline) as Secretary). It follows summary disposal procedure and, after a hearing, may reprimand, remove the name for up to three months, or fine up to...

6 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Section 21B of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: the Disciplinary Committee and the penalties it may impose

In force: a Committee of five, with the President or Vice-President presiding, two elected Council members and two Central Government nominees. For Second Schedule or combined misconduct, after a hearing, it may reprimand, remove the name permanently or for a period, or fine up to rupees five...

6 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 21C, 21D and 22 of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: civil court powers, cases pending at the amendments, and the meaning of professional or other misconduct

The Authority, Disciplinary Committee, Board of Discipline and Director (Discipline) have the powers of a civil court to summon and examine on oath, order production of documents and receive affidavits. "Professional or other misconduct" includes any act or omission provided in the Schedules...

6 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 22A–22E of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: the Appellate Authority borrowed from the Chartered Accountants Act, its members, staff and appeals to it

The Appellate Authority under the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 is deemed to be the Authority for this Act, with part-time members drawn from former Council members of the Institute of Cost Accountants of India. A member aggrieved by a penalty may appeal within ninety days of the order being...

7 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 23–25 of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: Regional Councils, the penalty for falsely claiming to be a member, and the penalty for using the Council's name or awarding degrees in cost accountancy

Section 24: a non-member who claims to be a member or uses the designation cost accountant, or a member without a certificate of practice who claims to be in practice or practises, faces a fine up to one lakh rupees on first conviction, and on a later conviction imprisonment up to six months or a...

7 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 26 and 27 of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: companies not to engage in cost accountancy and unqualified persons not to sign documents

No company, Indian or foreign, may practise as cost accountants. If it does, every director, manager, secretary or other officer who is knowingly a party faces a fine of two lakh to ten lakh rupees on first conviction and four lakh to twenty lakh rupees on a later one. Only a member of the...

6 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 28 and 29 of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: offences by companies and sanction to prosecute

When a company commits an offence under the Act, the company and every person in charge of and responsible for its business at the time are deemed guilty, unless that person proves the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence. A director, manager, secretary...

6 min read04 Oct 2026
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Professional Ethics

Sections 29A–29D of the Cost Accountants Act, 1959: the Quality Review Board, its functions, procedure and members' terms

The Central Government constitutes the Quality Review Board by notification: a Chairperson and four other members, persons of eminence in law, economics, business, finance or accountancy, two nominated by the Council and two by the Central Government. It recommends, reviews and guides on the...

6 min read04 Oct 2026

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