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User Affidavit for Trademark Application — Draft

Complete guide to user affidavit under Indian IP law. Process, documents, fees, enforcement, latest amendments. Updated March 2026.

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Trademark
Published
March 23, 2026
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Last updated: September 2026Verified against: Government sources

Overview

This article provides a comprehensive, plain-language explanation of User Affidavit for Trademark Application under the Trade Marks Act, 1999 and the Rules made thereunder. Whether you are a business owner, startup founder, IP professional, or creator, understanding these provisions is essential for protecting your intellectual property rights in India.

The relevant provisions are found in Rule 36, read with applicable Rules, Notifications, and Practice Directions issued by the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks (CGPDTM) and the Indian IP Office. This article incorporates all amendments up to March 2026.

Why This Matters
Failure to protect your intellectual property can result in loss of exclusive rights, inability to prevent competitors from copying your work, and significant financial losses. Conversely, infringing someone else's IP can lead to injunctions, damages of lakhs to crores, criminal prosecution, and imprisonment. Understanding user affidavit is crucial for every business operating in India.

What the Law Requires

Key Legal Framework

Rule 36 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 establishes the framework for user affidavit. The provisions cover: (a) what can be protected, (b) who can apply, (c) the application and examination process, (d) rights granted upon registration, (e) term and renewal, (f) enforcement against infringement, and (g) penalties for violations.

The corresponding Rules provide detailed procedural requirements including prescribed forms, fees, timelines, and documentation.

Who Can Apply / Who Is Affected?

Applicant TypeEligible?Special Provisions
Individual / Sole ProprietorYesCan apply personally or through an agent
Partnership Firm / LLPYesApply in the name of the firm/LLP
Company (Pvt/Public)YesBoard resolution authorizing the application recommended
Startup (DPIIT Recognized)YesFee concessions, expedited examination available
Small Entity / MSMEYesReduced fees under applicable rules
Foreign ApplicantYesMust apply through an agent registered in India; convention/PCT priority available
Government / Educational InstitutionYesFee concessions in some cases
Fee Concessions for Startups
DPIIT-recognized startups get significant fee concessions on IP filings -- up to 80% reduction on patent filing fees and 50% on trademark fees. Additionally, startups can avail expedited examination for patents. for DPIIT recognition assistance.

Detailed Explanation with Practical Examples

Example 1: Amit from Faridabad has developed a unique brand name for his clothing line. He wants to prevent others from using the same or similar name. He needs to file a trademark application to secure exclusive rights over the brand name across India.

Example 2: A tech startup in Gurugram has developed a novel algorithm for logistics optimization. They need to evaluate whether this qualifies for patent protection, copyright protection, or trade secret protection -- and take steps accordingly before disclosing it publicly.

Example 3: A designer has created a unique pattern for textile products. She can protect this through design registration (if it is a new and original design applied to an article) or copyright registration (if it qualifies as an artistic work). The choice depends on the nature of the work and the protection needed.

Practical Advice
For user affidavit, always conduct a thorough search of existing registrations before filing. This helps avoid objections, oppositions, and wasted filing fees. our IP team conducts comprehensive searches and advises on the best protection strategy.
Quick recapKey facts & short answers

Key Facts About User Affidavit for Trademark

  • Applies in: All states across India, under the relevant central law.
  • Mode: Mostly online via the official government portal.
  • Typical timeline: Ranges from a few days to a few weeks depending on the case.
  • Non-compliance: May attract penalties, interest or late fees.
  • Expert help: TaxClue completes User Affidavit for Trademark end to end for you.

What is user affidavit?

Rule 36 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 governs user affidavit. It covers eligibility, process, rights, and enforcement.

How long does the process take?

Timelines vary: Trademark registration typically 8-24 months, Patent grant 2-5 years, Copyright registration 2-6 months, Design registration 6-12 months.

User Affidavit for Trademark: a key compliance topic in Indian tax and corporate law that businesses and individuals must understand to remain compliant.

READY DRAFTUser Affidavit for Trademark Application

An affidavit of use establishing the date of first use of a trademark, supporting a "user since" claim in the TM-A application or in reply to an Examination Report / opposition.

AFFIDAVIT OF USER
(In support of Application No. [Application No.] under the Trade Marks Act, 1999)

BEFORE THE REGISTRAR OF TRADE MARKS,
TRADE MARKS REGISTRY, [Mumbai / Delhi / Kolkata / Chennai / Ahmedabad]

I, [Name of Deponent], [S/o / D/o / W/o [___]], aged about [__] years, [Proprietor /
Partner / Director / Authorised Signatory] of [Name of Applicant], having my office /
residence at [Full Address], do hereby solemnly affirm and state on oath as under:

1. I am the Applicant / the authorised signatory of the Applicant and am competent
   and duly authorised to swear this affidavit; the facts stated herein are within
   my personal knowledge and derived from the records maintained by the Applicant.

2. The Applicant is engaged in the business of [nature of business] and has adopted
   and is using the trade mark "[Mark]" in relation to [goods/services] falling in
   Class [Class].

3. The Applicant has been using the said trade mark "[Mark]" openly, continuously
   and in the course of trade since [Date of First Use — DD/MM/YYYY], and such use
   has been bona fide and without interruption.

4. In proof of the said user, I annex hereto the following documents:
      Exhibit A : First invoice / bill dated [Date] bearing the mark;
      Exhibit B : Sample labels / packaging / brochures bearing the mark;
      Exhibit C : Advertisement / promotional material with dates;
      Exhibit D : Year-wise sales turnover under the mark, viz. —
                     FY [____] : ₹[Amount]
                     FY [____] : ₹[Amount]
                     FY [____] : ₹[Amount]
      Exhibit E : Advertising/promotional expenditure, year-wise;
      Exhibit F : [GST registration / relevant licence / other proof].

5. By reason of the said long, continuous and extensive use, the trade mark "[Mark]"
   has come to be exclusively associated with the goods/services of the Applicant
   and has acquired distinctiveness and goodwill in the trade and among the public.

6. This affidavit is made in support of Application No. [Application No.] to
   establish the date of first use claimed therein / in reply to the Examination
   Report dated [Date] / in the opposition proceedings, and for no other purpose.

DEPONENT

_______________________________
[Name of Deponent]

VERIFICATION:
I, the above-named Deponent, verify that the contents of paragraphs 1 to 6 above are
true to my knowledge and belief, that no part thereof is false and nothing material
has been concealed therefrom.

Verified at [City] on this [Day] day of [Month, Year].

                                                DEPONENT

                                        _______________________________
                                        [Name of Deponent]

Solemnly affirmed before me by the Deponent, who is identified to me, at [City] on
this [Day] day of [Month, Year].

                                        _______________________________
                                        NOTARY PUBLIC / OATH COMMISSIONER
                                        [Seal & Regn. No.]
How to use & important notes
  • Execute on non-judicial stamp paper of the value prescribed for affidavits in your State (commonly ₹10–₹100) and get it notarised / sworn before an Oath Commissioner.
  • A "user since" (prior use) claim in Form TM-A generally must be supported by a user affidavit with dated documentary proof — the earliest invoice bearing the mark is the strongest evidence.
  • Annex and serially mark all exhibits (invoices, labels, ads, turnover figures); each exhibit should be certified/initialled by the Deponent and Notary.
  • False statements in an affidavit attract perjury; ensure the first-use date matches the documentary evidence exactly.

Disclaimer: This is a general-purpose template for reference only. Facts, figures, stamp duty and clauses vary with your situation and state law — have it reviewed before use. Need this professionally drafted, stamped and filed? Talk to a TaxClue expert.

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About the author
7,431 articles
Vikas Sharma Verified expert Tax & Compliance Expert

Experienced in company registration, GST, trademark, and compliance. Helping Indian businesses stay compliant.

Last reviewed: Live

Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional tax, legal or financial advice. Laws, rates and due dates change and can vary by individual case — always verify with the relevant government source (e.g. mca.gov.in, incometax.gov.in) or consult a qualified professional before acting. TaxClue accepts no liability for decisions taken based on this content.

People also ask

Questions, answered

Short, direct answers to the 4 questions readers ask most on this topic.

Rule 36 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 governs user affidavit. It covers eligibility, process, rights, and enforcement.

Timelines vary: Trademark registration typically 8-24 months, Patent grant 2-5 years, Copyright registration 2-6 months, Design registration 6-12 months.

Fees depend on applicant category (individual/startup/MSME/company) and whether filing is online or physical. Startups get significant concessions.

Complete IP services including search, filing, prosecution, and enforcement. .