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Reply to Notice Under Section 143(2) — Scrutiny Assessment Draft

Complete guide to reply under Income Tax Act. Computation, examples, old vs new regime, latest Finance Act changes. Updated March 2026.

Published
Updated
Reading time
8 min
Questions
4 answered
  • High Complexity
  • In-Depth Guide
Topic
Income Tax
Published
March 23, 2026
Last updated
Mar 23, 2026
Reading time
8 min
0:00
Last updated: March 2026Verified against: Government sources

Overview

This article provides a detailed, plain-language explanation of Reply to Notice Under Section 143(2) under the Income Tax Act, 1961, Income Tax Rules, 1962, and the new Income Tax Act, 2025 (where applicable). This guide incorporates all amendments made by the Finance Act, 2025, Finance Act, 2024 (July Budget), and relevant CBDT Circulars and Notifications up to March 2026.

Relevant provisions: Section 143(2). Where the Income Tax Act, 2025 makes changes, a comparison with the existing law is provided.

Why This Matters
Non-compliance with income tax provisions related to reply can result in interest under Sections 234A/234B/234C (up to 1% per month), penalty under Section 270A (50% to 200% of tax on under-reported income), prosecution under Sections 276C-277 (imprisonment up to 7 years for tax evasion), and disallowance of deductions or exemptions. Understanding these provisions helps you stay compliant, minimize tax legally, and avoid disputes with the Income Tax Department.

What the Law Says

Provisions Under Income Tax Act, 1961

Section 143(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 governs reply. The section establishes: (a) the scope of taxability, (b) computation methodology, (c) deductions and exemptions available, (d) compliance requirements, and (e) consequences of non-compliance. The Income Tax Rules, 1962 provide detailed procedural requirements including prescribed forms, methods of valuation, and timelines.

Changes Under Income Tax Act, 2025

New Income Tax Act 2025
The Income Tax Act, 2025 (passed in the Budget Session) is set to replace the 1961 Act. Key changes relevant to reply include:

1. Tax Year Concept: The Previous Year/Assessment Year system is being replaced with a unified "Tax Year" concept, simplifying compliance.

2. Simplified Language: The new Act uses clearer, more modern language with fewer cross-references and provisos.

3. Rationalized Provisions: Many overlapping sections have been merged, redundant provisions removed, and the overall structure streamlined from 298 sections to about 536 clauses organized in 23 chapters.

4. Default New Regime: The new tax regime (lower rates, fewer deductions) continues as the default under the new Act.

5. Transition: The new Act will apply from a date to be notified. Until then, the Income Tax Act, 1961 remains fully operative. All references in this article to specific sections are to the 1961 Act unless stated otherwise.

Who Is Affected?

Taxpayer CategoryApplicable?Special Provisions
Salaried IndividualYesStandard deduction Rs. 75,000 (new regime) / Rs. 50,000 (old regime); Form 16 from employer
Self-Employed / ProfessionalYesPresumptive taxation u/s 44ADA if gross receipts up to Rs. 75 lakh (with digital receipts)
Business Owner / ProprietorYesPresumptive u/s 44AD if turnover up to Rs. 3 crore (with digital receipts); otherwise regular books
Company (Domestic)Yes22% tax u/s 115BAA or 25%/30% normal rate; MAT u/s 115JB at 15%
LLP / Partnership FirmYes30% flat rate + surcharge if income above Rs. 1 crore
HUFYesSame slab rates as individual; separate entity for tax
Trust / SocietyYesExempt if registered u/s 12A/12AB; otherwise taxable at MMR/slab
NRI / Foreign CompanyYesOnly Indian-sourced income taxable; DTAA benefits available; special rates u/s 115A
Investor (Equity/MF/Crypto)YesSTCG 20% (equity), LTCG 12.5% (equity) above Rs. 1.25 lakh; VDA 30% flat
Senior Citizen (60+/80+)YesHigher basic exemption (old regime); no advance tax if no business income u/s 207; higher 80D limits

Detailed Explanation with Practical Examples

Example 1 (Salaried): Rahul works in an IT company in Faridabad earning Rs. 12 lakh per annum. Under the new tax regime (default from FY 2024-25), his tax computation is:

ParticularAmount (Rs.)
Gross Salary12,00,000
Less: Standard Deduction(75,000)
Taxable Income11,25,000
Tax (New Regime Slab FY 2025-26)
0-4,00,000: Nil0
4,00,001-8,00,000: 5%20,000
8,00,001-12,00,000: 10%32,500
Total Tax52,500
Less: Rebate u/s 87A (if income up to Rs. 12 lakh)(52,500)
Tax PayableNIL
Health & Education Cess 4%0
Net Tax PayableNIL

Example 2 (Business): Priya runs a trading business with turnover of Rs. 1.5 crore (90% digital receipts). She can opt for presumptive taxation u/s 44AD and declare 6% of digital turnover as income = Rs. 9 lakh. Since this is below the basic exemption + deductions, her tax liability could be minimal.

Example 3 (Capital Gains Post-July 2024): An investor sells listed equity shares held for 18 months at a profit of Rs. 3 lakh. Post-Finance Act 2024 changes: LTCG on listed equity is taxed at 12.5% (reduced from earlier 10%) with exemption of Rs. 1.25 lakh. Tax = 12.5% of (3,00,000 - 1,25,000) = Rs. 21,875 + 4% cess = Rs. 22,750.

Tax Planning Advice
For reply, compare your liability under both old and new tax regimes before choosing. The new regime offers lower rates but fewer deductions. If you have significant deductions (home loan, 80C, 80D, HRA), the old regime may still save more tax. Use a tax calculator or consult a CA. our tax experts help you choose the optimal regime --
Quick recapKey facts & short answers

Key Facts About Reply to Notice Under

  • Applies in: All states across India, under the relevant central law.
  • Mode: Mostly online via the official government portal.
  • Typical timeline: Ranges from a few days to a few weeks depending on the case.
  • Non-compliance: May attract penalties, interest or late fees.
  • Expert help: TaxClue completes Reply to Notice Under end to end for you.

What is reply?

Section 143(2) of the Income Tax Act governs reply. It covers computation, exemptions, deductions, and compliance requirements.

What changes under new Income Tax Act 2025?

The new Act simplifies language, replaces PY/AY with Tax Year, and rationalizes provisions. Substantive changes are limited. Effective date to be notified.

Settle the facts first; the right section and the right form follow from them.

— TaxClue Compliance Desk

Reply to Notice Under: a key compliance topic in Indian tax and corporate law that businesses and individuals must understand to remain compliant.

READY DRAFTReply to Notice u/s 143(2) — Scrutiny Assessment

A written submission filed on the e-filing portal in response to a notice under section 143(2) initiating scrutiny of your return, addressing the issues flagged and enclosing supporting evidence.

BEFORE THE NATIONAL FACELESS ASSESSMENT CENTRE / [Assessment Unit]
INCOME-TAX DEPARTMENT

Filed electronically through the e-Filing / e-Proceedings portal
(www.incometax.gov.in) in response to notice issued under section 143(2)
of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Name of Assessee   : [Name of Assessee]
PAN                : [ABCDE1234F]
Assessment Year    : [A.Y. 20__-__]
Financial Year     : [F.Y. 20__-__]
DIN & Notice No.   : [DIN/Notice number] dated [DD/MM/YYYY]
Case selected under: [Limited / Complete] Scrutiny — CASS
Response Date       : [DD/MM/YYYY]

To,
The Assessing Officer / Assessment Unit,
National Faceless Assessment Centre,
Income-tax Department.

Subject: Submission in response to notice under section 143(2) of the
         Income-tax Act, 1961 for A.Y. [20__-__] — reg.

Respected Sir/Madam,

1.  This is with reference to the notice under section 143(2) of the
    Income-tax Act, 1961 bearing DIN [___] dated [DD/MM/YYYY], whereby the
    case of the assessee for A.Y. [20__-__] has been selected for
    [limited/complete] scrutiny through CASS on the issue(s) of
    [state the issue(s), e.g. "large increase in unsecured loans",
    "mismatch in turnover reported in GST and ITR", "cash deposits during
    the year"].

2.  The assessee filed the return of income for A.Y. [20__-__] on
    [DD/MM/YYYY] vide acknowledgement no. [___], declaring total income of
    ₹[amount]. The return was duly verified and processed under section
    143(1). Copy of the return, computation and 143(1) intimation is
    enclosed (Annexure-1).

3.  Issue-wise submission on the point(s) flagged:

    Issue (a): [State issue exactly as raised]
    -----------------------------------------
    The amount of ₹[amount] represents [explanation of nature and source].
    The same is fully supported by [ledger extract / bank statement /
    confirmation / invoices / agreement]. On these facts the addition
    proposed, if any, is not warranted because [legal/factual reason].
    Documents in support: Annexure-[__].

    Issue (b): [State issue]
    ------------------------
    [Explanation, quantum, source, and supporting evidence with annexure
    reference.]

4.  All the transactions in question have been carried out through banking
    channels and are duly recorded in the regular books of account, which
    are audited/maintained under section 44AB / 44AA. The nature and source
    stand explained within the meaning of section 68 / 69 / 69A, as
    applicable, and no addition is called for.

5.  The assessee is a regular and compliant taxpayer and undertakes to
    furnish any further information or clarification that the Assessment
    Unit may require. It is prayed that the assessment be completed after
    considering the above submissions, and that a reasonable opportunity of
    being heard (including through video conferencing, if a variation is
    proposed) be granted before any adverse view is taken, in accordance
    with the faceless assessment scheme and the principles of natural
    justice.

PRAYER
It is respectfully prayed that the return of income filed for A.Y.
[20__-__] be accepted as filed and the proceedings be dropped, and no
addition/variation be made to the returned income.

List of enclosures:
  1. Copy of return, computation of income and 143(1) intimation.
  2. Audited financial statements / Form 3CB-3CD (if applicable).
  3. Bank statements highlighting the relevant entries.
  4. Ledger extracts, confirmations, invoices and agreements.
  5. [Any other document].

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,

For [Name of Assessee]

______________________________
[Signature — Assessee / Authorised Representative]
Name : [Name]
PAN  : [ABCDE1234F]
Capacity: [Self / Authorised Representative — Membership/Enrolment No.]
Place: [City]      Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]
▸ How to use & important notes
  • Upload as a single PDF under the e-Proceedings tab against the exact notice; respond before the due date and seek adjournment online if you need more time.
  • Attach every annexure referred to — un-evidenced explanations invite additions under sections 68/69.
  • If any variation is proposed, a show-cause / draft assessment order is issued first; you can then request a personal hearing through video conferencing.
  • Quote the DIN on every submission; a notice/order without a valid DIN is non-est per CBDT Circular 19/2019.

Disclaimer: This is a general-purpose template for reference only. Facts, figures, stamp duty and clauses vary with your situation and state law — have it reviewed before use. Need this professionally drafted, stamped and filed? Talk to a TaxClue expert.

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Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional tax, legal or financial advice. Laws, rates and due dates change and can vary by individual case — always verify with the relevant government source (e.g. mca.gov.in, incometax.gov.in) or consult a qualified professional before acting. TaxClue accepts no liability for decisions taken based on this content.

People also ask

Questions, answered

Short, direct answers to the 4 questions readers ask most on this topic.

Section 143(2) of the Income Tax Act governs reply. It covers computation, exemptions, deductions, and compliance requirements.

The new Act simplifies language, replaces PY/AY with Tax Year, and rationalizes provisions. Substantive changes are limited. Effective date to be notified.

Late fee u/s 234F (Rs. 5,000), interest u/s 234A/B/C (1% per month), penalty u/s 270A (50-200% of tax), prosecution for tax evasion above Rs. 25 lakh.

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