Income Tax and Accounting Guide for Ngos

Income Tax and Accounting explained: this guide covers what it means, who it applies to, the step-by-step process, documents required, fees, due dates and penalties in India — so you can stay compliant with confidence and avoid costly mistakes.

This guide covers income tax and accounting for Ngos in India — how income is taxed, presumptive options, audit thresholds and the returns to file.

How income is taxed for Ngos

• With 12A and 80G, income applied to charitable purposes is exempt and donors get deductions.
• File Form 10B/10BB audit and the ITR-7 return.

Presumptive taxation & audit

• Eligible small businesses/professionals can use presumptive taxation (44AD/44ADA/44AE) to simplify filing
• A tax audit under Section 44AB applies once turnover/receipts cross the prescribed limits
• Pay advance tax in instalments to avoid interest under Sections 234B/234C

Accounting essentials

• Maintain day-to-day books — sales, purchases, expenses, cash and bank
• Issue proper GST-compliant invoices and keep purchase bills
• Reconcile bank statements and GST (GSTR-2B vs books) regularly
• Keep records for at least 6–8 years as required by tax law

Key due dates & penalties to remember

Missing deadlines is the most common — and most avoidable — compliance failure for Ngos. Keep these in view:

• GST returns: GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B by their monthly/quarterly due dates; late filing attracts fees and interest
• TDS: deposit by the 7th of the next month and file returns quarterly; delays attract interest under Section 201
• Income tax: pay advance tax in four instalments and file the ITR by the due date to avoid 234A/234B/234C interest
• ROC (companies/LLPs): file annual returns and financials on time to avoid heavy per-day penalties

More guides for Ngos

• Complete Compliance Checklist for Ngos
• GST Applicability & Compliance for Ngos
• Accounting & Bookkeeping Guide for Ngos
• TDS Applicability & Rates for Ngos