Filing of
Charge Forms
Creation, modification, satisfaction, condonation and debenture charge filings — CHG-1, CHG-4, CHG-6, CHG-8 and CHG-9 — handled end-to-end by our CA/CS team on MCA V3 portal with SRN delivery in 3–5 working days.
What is a Charge Under the Companies Act?
A charge is a security interest created by a company on its assets — movable or immovable — in favour of a lender (bank, financial institution, or any creditor) against a loan, debenture, or any other financial obligation. Under Sections 77 to 87 of the Companies Act, 2013, every charge created by a company must be registered with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) within the prescribed time.
An unregistered charge is void against any liquidator and any creditor of the company — meaning the lender cannot enforce the security if the charge is not registered. This makes charge registration critical for both the company and the lender. TaxClue handles all CHG form filings on MCA V3 portal on behalf of companies and charge holders.
Both the Company and the Charge Holder Can File
CHG forms can be filed either by the company or by the charge holder (lender). If the company fails to file within 30 days of creation, the charge holder (bank/NBFC) may file the charge independently. Both parties have the right to file — but both are equally responsible for ensuring registration is done on time.
All Five CHG Forms at a Glance
When and Why Each Form Is Filed
| Form | Purpose | Filing Deadline | Who Files | Key Attachment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHG-1 | Creation or modification of charge on company assets | 30 days (extendable to 300) | Company or charge holder | Instrument / deed creating the charge |
| CHG-4 | Satisfaction / full repayment — charge released by lender | 30 days (extendable to 300) | Company or charge holder | NOC / satisfaction letter from lender |
| CHG-6 | Appointment or cessation of receiver or manager over charged property | 30 days from appointment / cessation | Person making the appointment | Deed of appointment / court order |
| CHG-8 | Application for condonation of delay — after 300-day window expires | No fixed deadline — applied as needed | Company or charge holder | Application with reason for delay + NCLT fee |
| CHG-9 | Registration of charge for debentures, debenture stock or bonds | 30 days (extendable to 300) | Company or debenture trustee | Debenture trust deed / instrument |
CHG-1 vs CHG-9 — What's the Difference?
CHG-1 covers all types of charges created by a company — term loans, working capital, mortgage, hypothecation, pledge, etc. — in favour of banks, NBFCs, or any creditor. CHG-9 is specifically for charges created in connection with debentures — it covers the charge created in favour of a debenture trustee or debenture holders as security for debentures or debenture stock issued by the company. Both require filing within 30 days of creation.
Creation & Modification of Charge
CHG-1 is the most commonly filed charge form. It is filed whenever a company creates a new charge — typically when taking a secured loan from a bank, NBFC, or financial institution. It is also used when an existing registered charge is modified (change in loan amount, interest rate, repayment terms, or the assets covered by the charge).
Common Situations Requiring CHG-1
- Company takes a term loan or working capital loan from a bank / NBFC secured against movable or immovable property
- Hypothecation of plant, machinery, stock, or receivables in favour of a lender
- Mortgage of immovable property (land, building) as security for a loan
- Enhancement of existing loan — charge amount modified upward
- Change in the assets covered by the charge (addition of new assets to existing security)
- Change in the terms of the charge (interest rate, repayment schedule, or other terms in the charge document)
Unregistered Charge Is Void Against Liquidator and Other Creditors
Section 77(3) of the Companies Act clearly states that failure to register a charge makes it void against the liquidator and any creditor of the company. This means the lender cannot enforce their security interest in winding-up or insolvency proceedings if the charge was never registered. This is the lender's biggest risk — and why banks often insist on CHG-1 filing as a loan disbursement condition.
When Is CHG-8 Required?
CHG-8 is an application — not a regular e-form filing — used when a company has missed both the initial 30-day deadline and the extended 300-day window for registering a charge. At this point, the charge cannot be registered on MCA V3 directly. The company must seek condonation of delay from the Central Government (Regional Director or NCLT) through CHG-8 before the charge registration can proceed.
The Three Stages of Charge Filing Timeline
| Stage | Time Period | Action Required | Fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Filing Window | Within 30 days of charge creation | File CHG-1 / CHG-4 / CHG-9 directly on MCA V3 | Standard filing fee only |
| Extended Window (Advalorem) | 31st day to 300th day | File CHG-1 / CHG-4 / CHG-9 with additional advalorem fee | Standard fee + ₹500/day late fee |
| Condonation Required | Beyond 300 days | File CHG-8 with NCLT / Regional Director for condonation order, then file charge form | Filing fee + NCLT application fee + advocate / CA fee |
Don't Wait — File CHG-1 Even If Late. Stop the Penalty Clock.
Even if you've missed 30 days, file CHG-1 immediately (within the 300-day window) to stop the daily penalty from accumulating. The fee accrued until the date of filing cannot be recovered, but it stops the moment you file. TaxClue calculates the exact penalty payable and prepares the filing for you — contact us today regardless of how many days you've missed.
How TaxClue Files CHG Forms
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1
Identify the Right CHG Form
Share your situation with TaxClue — new loan taken, loan repaid, modification to existing charge, or receiver appointed. Our CA confirms whether it's CHG-1, CHG-4, CHG-6, CHG-8, or CHG-9 — and whether the filing is within the normal window or the extended 300-day window.
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2
Collect Charge Documents & Instrument
Upload the loan agreement / sanction letter / charge instrument, lender's NOC (for CHG-4), debenture trust deed (for CHG-9), or appointment deed (for CHG-6) via WhatsApp or email. TaxClue verifies all documents within 2 hours and confirms completeness.
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3
Compute Fee & Prepare Filing
For CHG-1/CHG-4/CHG-9, the government fee is calculated on the charge amount (advalorem). For late filings, the additional ₹500/day penalty is calculated from the creation date. TaxClue provides a complete fee breakup before filing — no surprises.
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4
Digital Signature & MCA V3 Filing
All charge forms require DSC of the company's authorised signatory (director or company secretary). CHG-4 additionally requires the charge holder's (lender's) verification. TaxClue coordinates DSC signing with all parties and files on MCA V3 portal.
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5
SRN Tracking & Acknowledgement
Upon successful submission, MCA generates a Service Request Number (SRN). TaxClue tracks the SRN until the charge is officially registered and the Charge ID is assigned in MCA master data. The full acknowledgement and Certificate of Registration of Charge is shared with you.
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6
Share Certificate of Charge Registration
Once MCA registers the charge, a Certificate of Registration of Charge (in respect of CHG-1/CHG-9) or Certificate of Registration of Satisfaction of Charge (in respect of CHG-4) is issued. TaxClue delivers this certificate and updates you on the Charge ID for your records.
TaxClue Files All CHG Forms — Including CHG-8 Condonation Petitions
Whether your charge registration is current or years overdue, TaxClue has the experience to handle it — including drafting and filing CHG-8 condonation petitions before the Regional Director or NCLT. We have successfully obtained condonation orders for charges delayed by several years. Contact us for an assessment before assuming it's too late.
Documents Checklist for Each CHG Form
Late Filing Penalties for CHG Forms
Charge filings under the Companies Act, 2013 carry a structured penalty system — starting with the standard 30-day window, extending to 300 days with an advalorem fee, and requiring NCLT / RD condonation beyond that. The stakes are high — an unregistered charge is legally void against creditors and liquidators.
⚠️ Late Filing Fee Structure
Other Consequences of Not Registering a Charge
- The charge is void against the liquidator and any creditor of the company — the lender cannot enforce their security in insolvency proceedings
- Charge holder's (lender's) priority over the charged assets is lost relative to other creditors who registered their charges timely
- Banks and financial institutions are routinely unable to recover dues in winding-up because the charge was never registered or was registered late
- The company's credit rating and compliance profile is adversely affected — important during due diligence for funding rounds, M&A, or IPO
- Registered charges appear in MCA master data — unregistered ones don't, creating undisclosed encumbrances on assets
- Officers in default are personally liable for failure to file charge forms within the prescribed time
Late but Not Too Late — File Today to Stop the Penalty
If your charge registration is overdue, every additional day adds ₹500 to the total payable fee. Contact TaxClue immediately — we calculate the exact total fee including late charges and file on MCA V3 as fast as possible. For charges beyond 300 days, we handle the CHG-8 condonation petition before NCLT / Regional Director to restore your ability to register the charge legally.
Charge Filing — Common Questions
If not filed within 30 days, the company can still file within the extended 300-day window by paying an additional fee of ₹500 per day of delay. Beyond 300 days, direct filing on MCA is blocked — the company must file CHG-8 and obtain a condonation order from the Regional Director or NCLT, which then permits the charge to be registered. Crucially, an unregistered charge is legally void against the liquidator and other creditors — so the lender's security interest is unenforceable until the charge is registered.
Both the company (borrower) and the charge holder (bank, NBFC, or lender) have the right to file CHG-1. Typically, it is the company's obligation to file first. If the company fails to file within 30 days, the charge holder (lender) may file independently. In practice, many banks make the borrower's CHG-1 filing a condition precedent to loan disbursement — ensuring the charge is registered before funds are released.
CHG-4 is filed to record the satisfaction of a charge — i.e., when the loan has been fully repaid and the lender releases the security. The company must obtain an NOC or satisfaction letter from the lender and file CHG-4 within 30 days of the date of satisfaction. Until CHG-4 is filed and processed, the charge continues to appear as an active encumbrance in MCA master data — which can create problems during due diligence, new loan applications, or asset sales. TaxClue regularly handles CHG-4 filings for companies closing old secured loans.
CHG-1 covers all types of charges — term loans, working capital, hypothecation, mortgage — created in favour of banks, NBFCs, or any creditor. CHG-9 is specifically for charges created in connection with debentures — it covers the charge or mortgage created to secure debentures or debenture stock issued by the company, typically in favour of a debenture trustee. Companies that raise funds through NCDs (Non-Convertible Debentures) or bonds file CHG-9; companies that take secured bank loans file CHG-1.
CHG-8 is required when both the 30-day initial window and the 300-day extended window have expired. At this stage, MCA V3 does not allow direct filing — a formal application must be made to the Regional Director (RD) or NCLT for condonation of the delay. The application includes the reasons for delay, an affidavit, and supporting documents. The RD / NCLT typically takes 4–8 weeks to process and issue a condonation order, after which CHG-1 / CHG-4 / CHG-9 can be filed. TaxClue handles the entire CHG-8 process including petition drafting, RD / NCLT representation, and subsequent charge registration.
Yes — charges must be registered for both movable and immovable property. CHG-1 covers charges on all types of assets — plant and machinery, vehicles, stock, book debts (receivables), intellectual property, and immovable property (land and buildings). Any hypothecation agreement, mortgage, pledge (of non-possessory nature), or lien created in favour of a lender must be registered as a charge. The type of asset does not determine whether registration is required — it is the creation of a security interest by the company that triggers the filing obligation.
Technically yes — CHG-1 can be filed after the loan is repaid (with late fees), but it serves limited practical purpose at that point. The registration would show the charge as created on a past date and the company would immediately need to file CHG-4 to record its satisfaction. Some companies go through this process to "clean up" their records for due diligence purposes — showing that the charge existed, was properly registered, and has now been satisfied — rather than leaving an unregistered / invisible encumbrance in the company's history. TaxClue advises on the best approach based on your specific situation.
CHG Forms Filed On Time — Every Time
TaxClue's CA/CS team handles all five charge forms — CHG-1, CHG-4, CHG-6, CHG-8 and CHG-9 — on MCA V3 portal, including condonation petitions for delayed filings. SRN delivery in 3–5 working days.
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